uswca Water Stream Calc 001

Stream Calculator for the basic water ions (inorganic) - Molecular Weights
Fill in water analysis items below and this form will compute stream flow & chemistry information.

Parameter	Value	Units	Comments
Stream ID Number			Enter an Identification Number for your stream.
Flowrate			Select gallons/minute or cubic meters/hr.
pH		Standard Units	Enter value [ 5 to10 typical; 1.0-13.0 extreme]
Cations
Ca++, calcium			Select mg/l or ppm as CaCO3
Mg++, magnesium			Select mg/l or ppm as CaCO3
Na+, sodium			Select mg/l or ppm as CaCO3
K+, potassium			Select mg/l or ppm as CaCO3
H+, hydrogen			Determined by pH and temperature
Anions
Cl-, chloride			Select mg/l or ppm as CaCO3
SO4--, sulfate			Select mg/l or ppm as CaCO3
HCO3-, bicarbonate			See Alkalinity and pH relationship
CO3--, carbonate			See Alkalinity and pH relationship
SiO2-, silica
OH-, hydroxide			Determined by pH and temperature
Other
Conductivity		mmhos
TDS		mg/l	Total dissolved solids
Hardness		ppm as CaCO3	Sum of Ca++ and Mg++
CO2, dissolved		mg/l	See Alkalinity and pH relationship
TSS		mg/l	Total suspended solids
Temperature			Select deg. F or deg. C

Place notes here

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Notes, Calculators and Chemistry Reference Information

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Periodic Table - WaterNotes

Calculator script provided by JavaScript Kit

(Note: This template is for waters such as rivers, wells, plant cooling water, potable water, etc. It is not for sewage and streams laden with organics and biological matter that require a different chemical engineering approach to processing and description.)

Milligrams Per Liter (mg/l) is a weight per volume where 1mg/L numerically = 1ppm (as the ion weight) at specific gravity =1.

ppm as CaCO3 expressed as the equivalent weight of the ion compared to the equivalent wt. of CaCO3 (100 mol. wt.; 50 eq. wt.).
Example: 1 mg/l of Ca++ [40 mol. wt.] = 2.5 ppm as CaCO3 [(100/40)*(2/2)] note: Ca valence =2.
Example: 1 mg/l of Na+ [23 mol. wt.] = 2.18 ppm as CaCO3 [(100/23)*(1/2)] note Na valence =1.
Example: 1 mg/l of CO3-- [60 mol. wt.] = 1.67 ppm as CaCO3 [(100/60)*(2/2)] note CO3 valence =2.
Example: 1 mg/l of HCO3- [61 mol. wt.] = 0.82 ppm as CaCO3 [(100/61)*(1/2)] note HCO3 valence =1.
Example: 1 mg/l of S+6 [32 mol. wt.] = 9.1 ppm as CaCO3 [(100/32)*(6/2)] note S valence =6.

Alkalinity is the titration of water with acid, the amount of which is expressed as ppm as CaCO3; generally, the CO3/HCO3 content is assumed to be the entire buffering ions of the titration, which is mostly true. At times, phosphates and other ions come into play. Titrating from high pH to 8.3 gives the CO3 content. Titrating to end point of 4.5 pH gives CO3 and HCO3 total. If starting pH is less than 8.3, there is no CO3. If pH is less than 8.3, then CO2 is also present. At pH 4.5, all HCO3 has been converted to CO2. Above 10.3 pH, OH becomes significant in the titration. See these charts for relationship.

1 Cubic Meters Per Hour (m³/hr) = 4.403 gpm; http://www.campbellsci.ca/Flow.html

(MO alkalinity ppm/CO2ppm) = 0.1*(10^(pH-5.3)) where pH >5.2<8.4; ppm = ppm as CaCO3

http://www.onlineconversion.com/

Water Analytical Parameters and Methods, typical

pH in the field

Electrical conductance in the field

Temperature in the field

Turbidity in the field

Silica (SiO2 – molybdate reactive)

Silica (SiO2 – colloidal)

Alkalinity as CaCO3 by EPA Method 310.1

Bicarbonate as CaCO3 by EPA Method 310.1

Carbonate as CaCO3 by EPA Method 310.1

Chloride, Fluoride, Nitrate as N, Nitrate + Nitrite as N, Orthophosphate as Phosphorus and Sulfate by EPA Method 300.0

Total Phosphorus by EPA Method 365.2

Total Sulfide by Standard Method SM 4500-S2-

Total Organic Carbon by Standard Method SM 5310-B

Ca, Pb, Fe, Mg, Mn, K, Na by EPA Method 200.8

Sb, As, Ba, Be, Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni, Se, Si, Ag, Sr, Tl and Zn by EPA Method 200.8

Biochemical Oxygen Demand by EPA Method 405.1

Total Dissolved Solids by EPA Method 160.1

Total Suspended Solids by EPA Method 160.2

Turbidity by EPA Method 180.1

Color by EPA Method 110.2

Tannin and Lignin by Standard Method SM 5550-B

Ammonia as N by EPA Method 350.1

Chemical Oxygen Demand by EPA Method 410.1

Dissolved Inorganic Carbon by EPA Method 310.1

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